Dispersal ecology of deadwood organisms and connectivity conservation.

摘要: Limited knowledge of dispersal for most organisms hampers effective connectivity conservation in fragmented landscapes. In forest ecosystems, deadwood-dependent (i.e., saproxylics) are negatively affected by management and degradation globally. We reviewed empirically established ecology saproxylic insects fungi. focused on direct studies (e.g., mark-recapture, radiotelemetry), field experiments, population genetic analyses. found 2 somewhat opposite results. Based methods is limited to within a few kilometers, whereas showed little structure over tens which indicates long-distance dispersal. The extent experiments was small thus these could not have detected Particularly fungi, more at management-relevant scales (1-10 km) needed. Genetic researchers used outdated markers, investigated loci, faced the inherent difficulties inferring from structure. Although there were systematic species-specific differences ability (fungi better dispersers than insects), it seems that both groups colonization establishment, per se, limiting their occurrence scales. Because landscapes Europe, particularly boreal region, data needed nonforested fragmentation effects likely be pronounced. Given potential logical necessity habitat area being fundamental landscape attribute spatial arrangement patches sensu strict), retaining high-quality deadwood important fungi explicit many cases.