摘要: Why, when asking oneself whether to believe that p, must one immediately recognize this question is settled by, and only answering the whetherp true? Truth not an optional end for first-personal doxastic deliberation, providing instrumental or extrinsic reason agent may take leave at will. Otherwise there would be inferential step between discovering truth with respect p determining involving a bridge premise it good (in whichever sense of likes, moral, prudential, aesthetic, allthings-considered, etc.) p. But no such gap two questions within deliberative perspective; seems collapse into true. Nor can explanation way we seamlessly move from former latter merely psychologically impossible us fail what ascertain It as though, in deliberating about focuses on caseis has noticed matter psychological fact come whatever ascertained case. This involve step: "Should I p? Well, I'll up believing if true, so might well consider true." involved moving p?" "Is true?" Within perspective is, deliberation believe, cannot separate questions. What mean by claiming separated settle answer without taking have answered One certainly reflect upon one's fallibility some beliefs false. long considering these viewed answerable to, same set considerations. The seamless shift focus belief