Spectroscopic Characterisation of Multiferroic Interfaces

摘要: In this chapter we discuss the capabilities of X-ray photoemission and absorption spectroscopies for investigation electronic, magnetic electric properties multiferroic materials heterostructures. As complementary techniques providing element selective information on both occupied empty states, their combination delivers a comprehensive picture chemical state individual species, moments, bulk surface band structure, local atomic environment at interface between dissimilar materials. By directly probing electronic structure level, unique insights can be learned about mechanisms responsible magnetoelectric couplings in fascinating class