Integrating methods for ecosystem service assessment: Experiences from real world situations

摘要: Abstract The Ecosystem Services (ES) concept highlights the varied contributions environment provides to humans and there are a wide range of methods/tools available assess ES. However, in real-world decision contexts single tool is rarely sufficient methods must be combined meet practitioner needs. Here, results from OpenNESS project presented illustrate selected needs 24 case studies better understand why how practical Results showed that within cases were to: i) address ES; ii) both supply demand iii) value types; iv) reach different stakeholder groups v) cover weaknesses other used vi) specific context Methods linked variety ways: as input–output chains methods; through learning; method development comparison/triangulation results. paper synthesises these study-based experiences provide insight others working where, what contexts, can this add study analyses.