Environmental Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment in Urban Water Mines (Porto, NW Portugal)

摘要: A multidisciplinary approach was developed to estimate urban groundwater vulnerability contamination combining hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry, subterranean hydrogeotechnics, ecotoxicology and isotope tracers. Paranhos Salgueiros spring waters in Porto City were used as a case study. Historical current scenarios compared using hydrogeological GIS-based modelling. Potential sources mapped around the galleries. Most of these point their potential load moderate. The ecotoxicological assessment indicated low acute toxicity potential. Groundwater radionuclides appeared be mainly controlled by geological factors biomineralisation. Vulnerability maps suggest that most area has moderate contamination. However, some surface such sewage systems cause contribute increased vulnerability. This integrated demonstrated adequate for better knowledge processes dynamics, highlighted importance areas.