A framework for the evidence base to support Health Impact Assessment

摘要: Background: HIA can be used to judge the potential health effects of a policy, programme or project on population, and distribution those effects. Progress has been made in incorporating into routine practice, especially (in UK) at local level. However, these advances have mainly restricted process issues, including policy engagement community involvement, while evidence base relatively neglected. Relating policies their impact health: The key distinctive feature is that determinants are not taken as given, but rather factors themselves determinants. Nine ways distinguished which its related examples given from literature. most complete an analysis context comparison options. A simple model, policy/risk assessment model (PRAM), introduced framework relates changes levels exposures other risk status. This approach allows distinction between technical political decision making, involves lines accountability. Extension PRAM complex areas adaptation non-quantitative discussed. Issues for future: sound essential long term reputation HIA. Research gaps discussed, need connecting options with health. It proposed could considered "exposure" variables research. methodology needs developed course work specific concentrated tractable. Conclusions: system coordination established, national supranational level, building existing initiatives. suggested this paper collate evaluate what already known, both identify where research required enable informed judgement about impacts These judgements should widely available makers undertaking assessment.