Microbial diversity in a submarine carbonate edifice from the serpentinizing hydrothermal system of the Prony Bay (New Caledonia) over a 6-year period

摘要: Active carbonate chimneys from the shallow marine serpentinizing Prony Hydrothermal Field were sampled 3 times over a 6 years period at site ST09. Archaeal and bacterial communities composition was investigated using PCR-based methods (clone libraries, Denaturating Gel Gradient Electrophoresis, quantitative PCR) targeting 16S rRNA genes, methyl coenzyme M reductase A dissimilatory sulfite subunit B genes. Methanosarcinales (Euryarchaeota) Thaumarchaea main archaeal members. The Methanosarcinales, also observed by epifluorescent microscopy FISH, consisted of two phylotypes that previously solely detected in other serpentinitzing ecosystems (The Cedars Lost City Field). Surprisingly, members hyperthermophilic order Thermococcales found which may indicate presence hot subsurface biosphere. community mainly Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Alpha-, Gamma-, Beta-, Delta-proteobacteria candidate division NPL-UPA2. Members these taxa consistently each year therefore represent stable core indigenous PHF chimneys. Firmicutes isolates representing new obtained cultivation under anaerobic conditions. Our study revealed diverse microbial ST09 related to methane sulfur compounds share common populations with terrestrial or submarine ecosystems.