Applications of KPFM-Based Approaches for Surface Potential and Electrochemical Measurements in Liquid
作者： Liam Collins , Stefan A.L. Weber , Brian J. Rodriguez
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75687-5_13
关键词:
摘要: Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) has been widely used to map nanoscale surface potentials of materials in ambient and ultra-high vacuum environments. However, study ultimately understand charge-related processes, e.g., biological systems or further improve energy storage devices such as electrochemical batteries, potential measurements liquid environments are required. Here, we describe the various implementations KPFM-based approaches for measuring We provide practical guidelines what other information can be obtained. Finally, discuss applications limitations existing present possible solutions successful implementation KPFM.
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