Review: Hippocampal sclerosis in epilepsy: a neuropathology review

摘要: Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a common pathology encountered in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) as well other syndromes and both surgical post-mortem practice. The 2013 International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification segregates HS into typical (type 1) atypical 2 3) groups, based on the histological patterns of subfield neuronal loss gliosis. In addition, granule cell reorganization alterations interneuronal populations, neuropeptide fibre networks mossy sprouting are distinctive features associated with epilepsies; they can be useful diagnostic aids to discriminate from causes HS, highlighting potential mechanisms hippocampal epileptogenesis. cause remains elusive may multifactorial; contribution febrile seizures, genetic susceptibility, inflammatory neurodevelopmental factors discussed. Post-mortem research an addition studies samples, has added advantage enabling study wider network changes long-term effects comorbidities. It likely that heterogeneous aspects its cause, epileptogenetic mechanisms, response medical treatments. Future neuropathological will contribute better recognition understanding these clinical patho-aetiological subtypes HS.