Treatment of chemical warfare agents by zero-valent iron nanoparticles and ferrate(VI)/(III) composite

摘要: Abstract Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles and a composite containing mixture of ferrate(VI) ferrate(III) were prepared by thermal procedures. The phase compositions, valence states iron, particle sizes iron-bearing compounds determined combination X-ray powder diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy scanning electron microscopy. applicability these environmentally friendly based materials in treatment chemical warfare agents (CWAs) has been tested with three representative compounds, sulfur mustard (bis(2-chlorethyl) sulfide, HD), soman ((3,3′-imethylbutan-2-yl)-methylphosphonofluoridate, GD), O -ethyl S -[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothiolate (VX). Zero-valent even the nanodimensional state, had sluggish reactivity CWAs, which was also observed low degrees CWAs degradation. On contrary, ferrate(VI)/(III) exhibited high complete degradations accomplished. Under studied conditions, estimated first-order rate constants (∼10 −2  s −1 ) several orders magnitude higher than those spontaneous hydrolysis (10 −8 –10 −6 ). results demonstrated that oxidative technology on application is very promising to decontaminate CWAs.