Mesenchymal stem cells in connective tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: applications in cartilage repair and osteoarthritis therapy.

摘要: Defects of load-bearing connective tissues such as articular cartilage, often result from trauma, degenerative or age-related disease. Osteoarthritis (OA) presents a major clinical challenge to clinicians due the limited inherent repair capacity cartilage. Articular cartilage defects are increasingly common among elderly population causing pain, reduced joint function and significant disability affected patients. The poor for self-repair chondral has resulted in development large variety treatment approaches including Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation (ACT), microfracture mosaicplasty methods. In ACT, biopsy is taken patient chondrocytes isolated. cells then expanded after several passages vitro used fill defect. Since its introduction, ACT become widely applied surgical method with good excellent outcomes. More recently, classical been combined tissue engineering implantable scaffolds improved results. However, there still problems associated technique which relate mainly chondrocyte de-differentiation during expansion phase monolayer culture integration implants into surrounding tissue. Novel using mesenchymal stem (MSCs) an alternative cell source derived currently on trial. MSCs have shown potential chondrogenesis animal models. This review article discusses regenerative medicine highlights their cell-based therapies osteoarthritis range related osteoarticular disorders.