作者: Reehan S. Mirza , Douglas P. Chivers
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0671-3_3
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摘要: Smith (1992, 1999) defines “alarm signalling” as situations in which individuals detect a hazard and produce some response that warns other nearby of potential danger. The individual emits the signal is sender detects receiver. receiver may respond to sender’s escape or alternatively chemical, auditory, mechanical visual cue released by sender.