作者: Glenn Cannon , Carlos R. Estrada
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-420-3_18
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摘要: Although once limited to the adult population, laparoscopic applications urologic surgery are now being successfully applied children of all ages. The current role laparoscopy in requiring pyeloplasty, orchidopexy, renal ablative procedures, ureteral reimplantation, lower urinary tract reconstruction, and varicocelectomy reviewed. Newer robotic assistance also discussed with emphasis on published results. Future research will continue define safest most efficacious pediatric urology.