Pedunculopontine Nucleus Gamma Band Activity-Preconscious Awareness, Waking, and REM Sleep.

摘要: The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a major component of the reticular activating system (RAS) that regulates waking and REM sleep, states high-frequency EEG activity. Recently, we described presence high threshold, voltage-dependent N- P/Q-type calcium channels in RAS nuclei subserve gamma band oscillations mesopontine PPN, intralaminar parafascicular (Pf), pontine subcoeruleus dorsalis (SubCD). Cortical activity participates sensory perception, problem solving, memory. Rather than participating temporal binding events as cortex, may participate processes preconscious awareness, provide essential stream information for formulation many our actions. That is, play an early permissive role volition. Our latest results suggest (1) manifestation during employ separate intracellular pathway compared to (2) neuronal sensor (NCS-1) protein, which over expressed schizophrenia bipolar disorder, modulates PPN concentration-dependent manner, (3) leptin, undergoes resistance obesity resulting sleep dysregulation, decreases sodium currents neurons, accounting its normal attenuation waking, (4) following discovery electrical coupling RAS, hypothesize there are cell clusters within act concert. These novel on mechanisms controlling related by elements RAS.