The development of use of oral morphine within the last 10 years in Japan

摘要: Japan's national cancer relief programme was initiated with a field-test of the WHO guidelines for pain management in 1982. It revealed an excellent result that 87% 156 patients could be completely relieved their persistent pain, but this were ignored by most Japanese health professionals, because lack interest relief. The published 1986 and made quite impact on those professionals Japan. In 1987, special research team appointed Ministry Health Welfare Japan (MOHW) discussion philosophy palliative care According to recommendations team, MOHW established new policy care, edited manuals terminally ill which included management, revised narcotics control measures 1992 order much improve accessibility opioid analgesics who need them effective annual consumption morphine medical purposes only 65 kg Japan, it rose 973 1999. Currently, is mostly given mouth two-thirds preparations consumed are MS Contin Tablets. However, current per capita still less than one-sixth United States. achieve further improvement, educational effort should emphasized. 1990s, approximately 70% nursing schools have curriculum care. There been government-sponsored, medical, pharmaceutical societies-sponsored seminar courses appropriate use availability, all increasingly strengthened postgraduate education.