Inverted Perceptual Judgment of Nociceptive Stimuli at Threshold Level following Inconsistent Cues

摘要: Objective: The perception of pain is susceptible to modulation by psychological and contextual factors. It has been shown that subjects judge noxious stimuli as more painful in a respective suggestive context, which disappears when the modifying context resolved. However, painfulness nociceptive stimulus exactly opposite direction cues never so far. Methods: Nociceptive (300 ms intranasal gaseous CO2) at individual threshold level were applied after visual cue announcing either "no pain", merely "stimulus", or "pain". Among level, other CO2 clearly below above randomly interspersed. These announced beforehand 12 with correct incorrect cues, i.e., non-painful equally often not painful. By contrast, subsequent group another subjects, always correctly respect evoked pain. Results: random announcement caused rate pain-threshold cue, "pain" significantly than vice versa (p < 10-4). absence incongruence between far-from-threshold stimuli, rated cued direction. Conclusions: present study revealed induction associations incongruent given message pain. We created unreliable whereby perceived suggested prior potentially judged versa. findings are consistent reported data on effects distrust cognitive responses.