Is vegetation an indicator for evaluating the impact of tourism on the conservation status of Mediterranean coastal dunes

摘要: Abstract Mediterranean coastal dunes are threatened by several factors; particularly, tourism causes modifications to the vegetation and disappearance of endemic species. Understanding dunes' conservation status is crucial for preserving these vulnerable environments through appropriate management strategies. This study was conducted on 17 Sardinian dunes, with different levels touristic pressure. We focused plant species developed a new endemicity index (EI). Our aimed: 1) assess applying diversity indices; 2) verify if sites would reveal general pattern based degrees human disturbance 3) test effectiveness EI index. Four m2 plots (2 × 2 m) were placed along orthogonal transects coastline (446 in total), which all identified, their relative abundance estimated. found significant differences among Hdune values but no statistically N values. The showed high naturalistic value allowed us distinguish higher anthropic indices systems. positively related medium level disturbance, varying although it differentiated better those highest A richness cover, trampling could be tolerated psammophilous vascular plants. Results satisfactory dune systems highlighted as valuable support implementing strategy, compatible purposes integrated