Toxicity Evaluation for Safe Use of Nanomaterials: Recent Achievements and Technical Challenges

摘要: Recent developments in the field of nanotechnology involving synthesis novel nanomaterials (NM) have attracted attention numerous scientists owing to possibility degradative perturbations human health. This Review evaluates previous investigations related NM toxicity studies using biological models and describes limitations that often prevent toxicologists from identifying whether pose a real hazard One major limitation assess is characterization prior after exposure living cells or animals. The most relevant physicochemical characteristics are: size, surface chemistry, crystallinity, morphology, solubility, aggregation tendency, homogeneity dispersions, turbidity. All these properties need be assessed order determine their contribution toxicity. Due lack appropriate methods nature nanoparticles systems, exact not fully described understood at this time. emphasizes for state-of-the-art characterization, determination protocols reliable assessing internalization kinetics organisms. Once issues are addressed, optimal experimental conditions could established identify if threat Multidisciplinary research between materials life should overcome true hazards NM.