The use of military bunkers by the European badger and red fox in Western Europe

摘要: Intensification of agriculture and land consolidation policy induced the removal most natural features from farmland, reducingthe habitat many wild species. AbandonedWWII bunkers, unaffected by consolidation, are a potential shelter for wildlifeand could be used as burrows carnivores such European badgers red foxes.We explored 182 abandoned bunkers in farmland area eastern France summer 2016. Bunkers were located crops,forests, or groves. Over three-month period, signs presence, number type inside theirimmediate vicinity noted. Environmental variables obtained using GIS, binomial models created to revealparameters influencing bunker use foxes. The degree burrowing was co-variable. Twentyonegroves without also studied order estimate added value groves.Badger fox tracks found on 34% sites, 24% them with similar rates foxes.Animals partially buried more than underground overground bunkers. sizes annual crops urban areasaround positively correlated use. presence groves withthe groves.As widely foxes, they may improve conservation intensive farming landscapes. Werecommend management these ruins facilitate sustainable installation variety