Quality of oxytocin available in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the literature.

摘要: Background Oxytocin is the drug of choice for preventing and treating postpartum haemorrhage, an important cause maternal death. Oxytocin widely available in low middle-income countries (LMIC) but there are concerns about its quality. Objective To identify, critically appraise synthesise findings studies on quality oxytocin LMIC. Search strategy We searched seven electronic databases, without language restriction. Selection criteria Studies reporting results tests to assess samples from LMIC. Data collection analysis Study selection, data extraction assessment were performed duplicate. Results presented descriptively. Main results The search identified 2611 unique citations; eight studies, assessing 559 15 different included. Most collected facility level settings (n = 509) private sector 321). The median prevalence that failed was 45.6% (range 0–80%), mostly due insufficient amounts active pharmacological ingredient. Over one-third 204) had (<90%) content indicating substandard medicine; two no ingredient, suggesting possible counterfeit drugs. proportion fails higher Africa than Asia or Latin America (57.5% versus 22.3% 0%, respectively, P < 0.0001), public sectors (34.0% 25.3%, 0.032) facilities central distributors (37.9% 22.0%, 0.030). Conclusion There a high poor-quality LMIC countries, mainly inadequate ingredient. Tweetable abstract Systematic review points problems with low- countries.