METABOLIC ENGINEERING FOR STRESS TOLERANCE

摘要: Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, freezing and high temperature are important limiting factors for crop yield (Boyer, 1982). Stress can be defined an influence that is outside the normal range of homeostatic control (Lerner, 1999). It has been estimated annually about 42% productivity lost owing to various biotic abiotic stress (Oerke et.al., 1994). Additionally, some increasingly troubling our environment. More irrigated lands becoming salinized. Only 35 % world’s potential arable land currently used, furthermore, almost 25% total acreage in world suffers from salinity (Flowers Yeo, 1995). therefore imperative breed cultivars major crops exhibiting tolerance factors, which ultimately could lead increased agricultural production guarantee long-term food security stable (Bray et. al. 2000; Zhang 2000). With expected population 12 billion by 2050, there urgent need triple within a few decades (Vasil, 2003). As immobile organisms, many plants have evolved remarkable adaptations environmental factors. triggers response plants, brings change its metabolite profile, like formation compatible solutes, antioxidants, phytoalexins, protein protectants cryoprotectants often due up-regulation metabolic pathways (Bohnert Shen, may also responsible recession :