Local Adaptation of an Insect Herbivore to a Heavy Metal Contaminated Environment

摘要: Plants show rapid adaptation towards resistance against heavy metals. In contrast, tests examining the local of insect herbivores to metal pollution are lacking. Here we test whether autumnal moth Epirrita autumnata, living in a contaminated area, shows growth rate and immune function. We gathered male moths from control polluted areas for use paternal half-sib crossings order ensure that measure genotypic variation addition phenotypic variation. found genotype × environment interactions larvae suggesting potential pollution-exposed moths. However, appears incur cost, because observed reduced performance adapted strain non-polluted environment. Finally, enhanced function female but not males.