Bacterial iron detoxification at the molecular level

摘要: Iron is an essential micronutrient, and, in the case of bacteria, its availability commonly a growth-limiting factor. However, correct functioning cells requires that labile pool chelatable "free" iron be tightly regulated. Correct metalation proteins requiring as cofactor demands such readily accessible source exist, but overaccumulation results oxidative burden that, if unchecked, would lead to cell death. The toxicity stems from potential catalyze formation reactive oxygen species addition causing damage biological molecules, can also nitrogen species. To avoid iron-mediated stress, bacteria utilize iron-dependent global regulators sense status and regulate expression involved acquisition, storage, efflux accordingly. Here, we survey current understanding structure mechanism important members each these classes protein. Diversity details homeostasis mechanisms reflect differing nutritional stresses resulting wide variety ecological niches inhabit. this review, seek highlight similarities between different while acknowledging variations. In way, hope illustrate how have evolved common approaches overcome dual problems insolubility iron.