Influence of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines on the Neuropathogenesis of Oncornavirus and Immunosuppressive Lentivirus Infections
作者： K. E. Peterson , B. Chesebro
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-33397-5_4
关键词:
摘要: Retroviral infection of the CNS can lead to severe debilitating neurological diseases in humans and other animals. Four general types pathogenic effects with various retroviruses have been observed including: hemorrhage (TR1.3), spongiform encephalopathy (CasBrE, FrCasE, PVC211, NT40, Mol-ts1), demyelination inflammatory lesions (HTLV-1, visna, CAEV), gliosis proinflammatory chemokines cytokines, usually microglial giant cells nodules [human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), feline (FIV), simian (SIV), Fr98]. This review focuses on this fourth group retroviruses. In latter group, cytokine chemokine upregulation accompanies disease process, may influence pathogenesis by direct resident cells. The first discusses Fr98 murine polytropic system particular reference roles cytokines process. data are then compared contrasted lentivirus systems, HIV, SIV, FIV. Finally, mechanisms presented which tumor necrosis factor (TNF) several alter retrovirus CNS.
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