Crustacean derived calcium phosphate systems: Application in defluoridation of drinking water in East African rift valley

摘要: Abstract Calcium phosphate adsorbents, derived from prawns and crabs shell biomass wastes have been developed using wet chemistry low temperature treatment. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffractometry Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Batch adsorption test carried out to investigate their effectiveness in of fluoride ground surface waters. Adsorption capacities compared with bone char synthetic hydroxyapatite (CCHA). Results indicate that adsorbent (PHA) formed hexagonal structure phases identifiable while based (CHA) predominantly monoclinic crystalline phase characteristic brushite. Vibrational analysis kinetic studies predicted defluoridation occurred mainly ion exchange mechanisms. Defluoridation capacity the was found be superior CCHA. CHA most effective efficiencies above 92% highest 13.6 mg/g field water concentration 5–70 mg/L. PHA had 8.5 mg/g which still better than 2.6 mg/g recorded CCHA char. best described pseudo 2nd order kinetics. findings crustacean calcium systems potential for traditional systems.