Alternated selection mechanisms maintain adaptive diversity in different demographic scenarios of a large carnivore.

摘要: Different population trajectories are expected to impact the signature of neutral and adaptive processes at multiple levels, challenging assessment relative roles different microevolutionary forces. Here, we integrate variability patterns disentangle how diversity is driven under demographic scenarios within Iberian wolf (Canis lupus) range. We studied persistent, expanding a small, isolated group population, using 3 MHC class II genes (DRB1, DQA1, DQB1), which was compared with 39 microsatellite loci. Both persistent groups show evidence balancing selection, revealed by significant departure from neutrality loci, higher observed heterozygosity lower differentiation than signs positive selection. However, despite exhibiting significantly genetic group, did not excess heterozygotes. The while showing similar level displays contrast heterozygotes, compatible heterozygote advantage mechanism. Results clear regarding role drift selection in due small size this population. Although indices loci correspond expectations accelerated divergence, may indicate diversifying selective pressures were three scenarios, possibly mechanisms maintain diversity.