Multi-objective optimization identifies trade-offs between self-sufficiency and environmental impacts of regional agriculture in Baden-Württemberg, Germany

摘要: Regional food supply, organic farming, and chang­ing consumption are three major strategies to reduce the environmental impacts of agricul­tural sector. In German Federal State Baden-Wurttemberg (population: 11 million), multiple policy economic incentives drive uptake these strategies, but quantitative assessments their overall impact abatement potential lacking. Here, question how much can be produced regionally while keeping environmen­tal within political targets is tackled by comparing a scenario maximum productivity an optimal solution obtained with multi-objective optimization (MO) approach. The investigation covers almost entirety productive land in state, two production practices (organic or conven­tional), four categories, demand scenarios (base, vegetarian, vegan). We present area-based indicator quantify self-sufficiency regional sup­ply, as well database required for its calcula­tion. Environmental determined using life cycle assessment. Governmental goals reducing from agriculture used MO determine later rate different Pareto-efficient solutions, resulting supply under constraints. maxi­mal output, ranged between 61% 66% (depending on diet), most could not met. On other hand, showed higher share (ca. 40%–80% com­pared 0%) lower values (between 40% 50%) performs substan­tially better meeting environ­mental reduction. At county level, var­ies 2% densely popu­lated urban dis­tricts 80% rural counties. These results help policy-makers benchmark refine goalsetting regarding reduction, thus ensuring effective policymaking sustainable community development.