A hollow carbon foam with ultra-high sulfur loading for an integrated cathode of lithium–sulfur batteries

摘要: Lithium–sulfur batteries are promising energy storage system with high density, however, for many years, the difficulty in combining good cycling performance and sulfur loading have impeded their practical application. In this study, an ultra-light flexible carbon foam (MFC) a 3D interconnected hollow network was prepared through special heating program from melamine–formaldehyde foam. The MFC can be used as efficient host material to achieve both ultra-high sulphur electrochemical lithium–sulphur batteries. Without conductive additive binder, MFC-based cathode could easily reach up 75%. contains content of N O strongly absorbing polysulfides has sparse skeleton accommodating large volume change during reactions. To further improve eletrode, GO or rGO decorate skeleton. electrodes 75% excellent performance. initial capacity MFC–S, MFC–GO–S MFC–rGO–S, based on mass whole electrodes, 1010.7 mA h g−1, 1183.1 g−1 1134.6 at 0.1C, respectively. After inevitable fading first few cycles, retention is over 95% after 100 cycles compared 20th cycle. These results indicate that choice Li–S