THE ELECTRICAL CURRENT DENSITY VECTOR IN THE INNER PENUMBRA OF A SUNSPOT

摘要: We determine the entire electrical current density vector in a geometrical three-dimensional volume of inner penumbra sunspot from an inversion spectropolarimetric data obtained with Hinode/SP. Significant currents are seen to wrap around hotter, more elevated regions lower and horizontal magnetic fields that harbor strong upflows radial outflows (the intraspines). The component is 3-4 times larger than vertical; nearly all previous studies only obtain vertical Jz , thus strongly underestimating density. field form angle about 20°. plasma β at 0 km level 1 intraspines one order magnitude background (spines). At 200 km level, below 0.3, everywhere. surface as well optical depth unity very corrugated. borders inside, not force-free deeper layers top layers. spines close being potential dissipated ohmic energy five orders magnitudes smaller solar flux negligible for balance penumbra.