Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of the Proteins Encoded by Coleoid (Cuttlefish, Octopus, and Squid) Posterior Venom Glands

摘要: In this study, we report for the first time a detailed evaluation of phylogenetic history and molecular evolution major coleoid toxins: CAP, carboxypeptidase, chitinase, metalloprotease GON-domain, hyaluronidase, pacifastin, PLA2, SE-cephalotoxin serine proteases, with carboxypeptidase GON-domain documented in venom arsenal. We show that although majority sites these venom-encoding genes have evolved under regime negative selection, very small proportion are influenced by transient selection pressures. Moreover, nearly 70 % episodically adapted confined to surface, highlighting importance variation toxin surface chemistry. Coleoid venoms were revealed be as complex other traditionally been recipient bulk research efforts. The presence multiple peptide/protein types coleoids similar those present animal identifies convergent strategy, revealing new information what characteristics make type amenable recruitment into chemical arsenals. significant potential not only understanding fundamental aspects but also an untapped source novel toxins use drug design discovery.