Hidden histories of gene flow in highland birds revealed with genomic markers.

摘要: Genomic studies are revealing that divergence and speciation marked by gene flow, but it is not clear whether flow has played a prominent role during the generation of biodiversity in species-rich regions world where vicariance assumed to be principal mode which new species form. We revisit well-studied organismal system Mexican Highlands, Aphelocoma jays, test for among sierras. Prior results from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) largely conformed standard model allopatric divergence, although there was also evidence more obscure histories small sample nuclear markers. We tested these “hidden histories” using genomic markers known as ultraconserved elements (UCEs) concert with phylogenies, clustering algorithms, newer introgression tests specifically designed detect ancient (e.g., ABBA-BABA tests). Results based on 4,303 UCE loci 2,500 informative SNPs consistent varying degrees highland areas. In some cases, been extensive recent (though perhaps ongoing today), whereas other cases only trace signature diverged long five million years ago. These results show how complex thought can reveal reticulate history when broader portion genome queried. As organisms studied data, we predict speciation-with-bouts-of-gene-flow will turn out common speciation. This article protected copyright. All rights reserved.