Mito-nuclear discord in six congeneric lineages of Holarctic ducks (genus Anas)

摘要: Many species have Holarctic distributions that extend across Europe, Asia and North America. Most genetics research on these has examined only mitochondrial (mt) DNA, which revealed wide variance in divergence between Old World (OW) New (NW) populations, ranging from shallow, unstructured genealogies to deeply divergent lineages. In this study, we sequenced 20 nuclear introns test for concordant patterns of OW–NW differentiation mtDNA (nu) DNA six lineages ducks (genus Anas). Genetic both marker types varied widely among (idiosyncratic population histories), but nuDNA within was not significantly correlated. Moreover, compared with the association observed different species, generally lower than divergence, at least mtDNA. Furthermore, coalescent estimates indicated higher rates gene flow four Thus, show prominent mito-nuclear discord OW NW reject differences sorting as sole cause within-species discord. Male-mediated intercontinental is likely a leading contributor discord, although selection could also increased relative weak differentiation. The contribute growing evidence can be an unreliable indicator stage speciation more holistic approaches are needed delimitation.