Perinatal Enterovirus Infections

摘要: This chapter summarizes information about the effects of enteroviral infections during gestation and neonatal period. Pathology human fetus infected in utero with enteroviruses has been described several reports. The majority enterovirus (poliovirus nonpoliovirus)-infected newborns are presumed to be intrapartum or postnatally via exposure maternal blood, vaginal secretions, oropharyngeal secretions feces mothers other infectious contacts. Maternal poliovirus infection is associated an increased risk fetal loss, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, particularly when occurs early pregnancy. Fetal loss was greatest first trimester, occurring almost half clinically affected pregnancies one series, severe disease, although mild, nonparalytic illness also observed. Researchers have reported cases abortion between third fifth months pregnancy stillbirths ninth month infection; echovirus 27, 33, coxsackievirus B2, B6 were implicated by placental and/or cultures (brain, liver, heart, kidney, adrenal glands, spleen). Viral culture standard technique for diagnosis infections. highest-yield specimens newborn rectum stool cerebrospinal fluid. Symptomatic most often require hospitalization both diagnostic evaluation empiric treatment possible bacterial herpes simplex virus infection, because symptoms nonspecific.