Insights into the metal salt catalyzed ethyl levulinate synthesis from biorenewable feedstocks

摘要: Abstract Ethyl levulinate (EL) synthesis from biorenewable feedstocks in the presence of metal salts and under non-microwave instant heating reaction environment has been studied. Initial screening suggested CuCl2 FeCl3 as an efficient catalyst for EL 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), thereby resulting into 47.5% 43.3% yield respectively at 160 °C 5 min. Interestingly, environmentally benign widely available salt, AlCl3, was found to comparable (39.0%) when experiments were performed identical conditions. Therefore, further study using AlCl3 estimate effect operating parameters concentration over HMF conversion. Thereafter, a comparative on microwave vs done develop sustainable process synthesis. Consequently, mechanistic insights reactant conversion product have attempted understand various pathways followed. temperature, loading, ethanol rates explored. conditions is reported first time. We anticipate that present work would be helpful providing effects method HMF.