Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Clostridium difficile Infection Among Hospitalized Children in the Netherlands.

摘要: BACKGROUND Little is known about pediatric Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) epidemiology. We describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of CDI among hospitalized children in Netherlands. METHODS Between May 2009 2015, 26 hospitals registered (aged 2-18 years) adult 18 a national sentinel surveillance study. Routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ribotyping multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) selected strains was performed. Pediatric results were compared using proportion 95% confidence interval (CI). Time trend evaluated mixed-effect Poisson model. RESULTS CDIs reported 17 participating (n = 135; 3% all CDIs); monthly number constant over time. The median age cases 10 years (interquartile range, 4.7-14.5 years). Fifty-five percent had community onset 31% severe CDI. Compared with adults 4,556), complication mortality rates lower. PCR ribotype 265 (toxin A negative, B positive) most prevalent (15%; CI, 8.8%-24.0%) but rarely found (1%; 0.9%-1.6%). This strain other countries, except for Belgium. MLVA showed genetic relatedness between three-fourths strains, without clear epidemiological link. CONCLUSIONS has remained stable last 6 resulted fewer complications than Further studies are needed to elucidate source epidemiology 265, primarily children.