摘要: Noroviruses (NoVs) are important pathogens causing epidemic acute gastroenteritis affecting millions of people worldwide. Due to the inability cultivate NoVs, current NoV vaccine development relies on bioengineering technologies produce virus-like particles (VLPs) and other subviral NoVs as subunit vaccines. The first VLP has reached phase II clinical trials several others under in pre-clinical research. Several complexes made from protruding (P) domains capsid share common features easy production, high stability immunogenicity thus candidates for low cost These P domain can also be used platforms present foreign antigens potential dual vaccines against pathogens. Development faces challenges, including genetic diversity limit understanding immunology evolution, lack an efficient animal model assessment, which discussed this article.