11 Geographical Access, Transport and Referral Systems

摘要: Summary  Poor access to emergency obstetric care is due one of three delays: deciding seek care, reaching a health facility and receiving appropriate treatment. geographical in itself not the cause second delay, but delay results from failure bridge it with adequate referral interventions systems. Geographical can be defined using several dimensions, including distribution density services, distance time. physical services contributes urban–rural inequities utilization outcomes. It also compounds problem availability human resources for rural areas. mainly populations, especially poor. The two-tiered model primary hospital-level make systems essential. Referral hampered delays caused by poorly functioning system. Solutions overcome problems include communication, transport, educational, financial, infrastructural technological interventions. effects effectiveness many these are understood more evidence needed aid decision making, low resource settings.