Poverty, livelihoods and the conservation of nature in biodiversity hotspots around the world
作者： Jetske Bouma , K. J. Joy , Maronel Steyn
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139225311.005
关键词:
摘要: The high incidence of poverty in biodiversity hotspots around the world has given rise to a debate about potential integrated development-conservation approaches help alleviate and protect at same time. Specifically, involving local communities management protected areas is expected improve protection reduce possible adverse livelihood effects, assuming that there are poverty-nature linkages willing cooperate rule enforcement control. Using data from four (South Africa, Costa Rica, Vietnam India) analysis this paper indicates livelihoods do not necessarily depend on nature for households contribute some conditions have be met. In order effectively specific attention needs paid community characteristics, household strategies, organization area wider context which decision-making takes place. Key-words: linkages, management, co-management, conservation-development trade-offs. 1 Institute Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands. E-mail: Jetske.bouma@ivm.vu.nl 2 Society Promoting Participative Ecosystem Management (SOPPECOM), Pune, India. joykjjoy@gmail.com 3 National Agricultural Planning Projection (NIAPP), Hanoi, Viet Nam. htqtniapp@hn.vnn.vn 4 Universidad Nacional de Rica (UNA), Heredia, Rica. alope@una.ac.cr 5 Council Scientific Industrial Research (CSIR),Natural Resources Environment (NRE), Stellenbosch, South Africa. MSteyn@csir.co.za
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