Discovery and Characterization of Novel Cyclotides Originated from Chimeric Precursors Consisting of Albumin-1 Chain a and Cyclotide Domains in the Fabaceae Family

摘要: The tropical plant Clitoria ternatea is a member of the Fabaceae family well known for its medicinal values. Heat extraction C. revealed that bioactive fractions contained heat-stable cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs). CRP A1b (Albumin-1 chain b/leginsulins), which linear cystine knot CRP, has been shown to present abundantly in Fabaceae. In contrast, cyclotide family, also belongs CRPs but with cyclic structure, commonly found Rubiaceae, Violaceae, and Cucurbitaceae families. this study, we report discovery panel 15 CRPs, 12 sequences (cliotide T1–T12) are novel. We show unambiguously cliotides cyclotides not A1bs, as determined by their sequence homology, disulfide connectivity, membrane active properties indicated antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli cytotoxicities HeLa cells. prevalent every tissue examined, including flowers, seeds, nodules. addition, demonstrate precursors chimeras, half from other Albumin-1, domain displacing precursor. Their chimeric structures likely originate either horizontal gene transfer or convergent evolution nuclear genomes, exceedingly rare events. Such atypical genetic arrangement implies different mechanism biosynthetic processing provides new understanding plants.