Time Course of Risk Factors in Cancer Etiology and Progression

摘要: Patients with cancer increasingly ask what they can do to change their lifestyles and improve outcomes. Risk factors for onset of may differ substantially from those that modify survival implications counseling. This review focuses on recent data derived population-based studies causes patients contrast risk etiology impact survival. For different sites, the level information inform timing lifestyle exposures disease or progression after diagnosis is often limited. breast cancer, some exposures, such as radiation, particularly important. other physical activity, higher levels prevent also colon study precursor polyps has provided additional insight timing. Extensive indicate activity reduces more limited suggest exposure improves Dietary including folate calcium reduce onset. More prostate point obesity increasing aggressive advanced disease. Timing in important but understudied among cancer. Counseling increase avoid weight gain Advice family members become cancers where history a strong factor.