Public-private partnership enabled use of anti-tick vaccine for integrated cattle fever tick eradication in the USA

摘要: Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and annulatus are invasive tick species vectors of microbes causing bovine babesiosis anaplasmosis that were declared eradicated from the USA in 1943 through efforts Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program. These disease remain established affect livestock health production other countries located tropical subtropical parts world. R. is considered most economically important external parasite where it established. Synthetic acaricides used intensely to kill annulatus, but this leads eventually problem acaricide resistance associated undesired effects. Novel safer technologies can be integrated with existing control methods required manage populations diseases sustainably. In case USA, need for a systems approach was identified keep national cattle herd free use technologies, including anti-tick vaccines, eliminate outbreaks annulatus. Anti-tick vaccines containing recombinant antigen Bm86 veterinary biologics together pharmaceuticals such as enhance protection But, access Gavac™, only vaccine commercially available limited certain products markets, excluding USA. Efforts public-private partnership developed, obtained an experimental permit issued animal company Zoetis novel Bm86-based formulation part operations by Program described here. Statutes more than 100 years old governing adapted infestations mitigate risk future Permanent Quarantine Zone south Texas on border Mexico adding immunization operational protocol. This achievement enabled Bm-86 based immunize beef dairy research project southern fever Puerto Rico. Our collective work documenting anti-cattle discovery illustrate how international cooperation supported management Public-private partnerships may way develop world strategies.