Markers of tumor angiogenesis: clinical applications in prognosis and anti-angiogenic therapy.

摘要: Numerous studies in many tumor types have demonstrated that quantitation by microvessel as a measure of angiogenesis is powerful prognostic tool. However, the ability to exploit marker limited methods currently used for capillary identification and quantitation. This report critically evaluates all aspects techniques their associated problems assessing tissue sections including area assessed, vascular parameter measured, method quantitation, stratification patients practical utility computer image analysis systems. The potential angiogenic factors assays, proteolytic enzymes, cell adhesion molecules surrogate endpoints quantifying are discussed other described. clinical applications these markers prognosis, adjuvant treatments (both cytotoxic anti-angiogenic/vascular targeting) patient management also discussed, particularly design phase I II trials.