Intensifying bare fallow strategies to control Elymus repens in organic soils

摘要: Perennial weeds are an increasing challenge in organic farming the Nordic countries. The aim of this study was to compare different tillage methods control Elymus repens by using two intensified bare fallow strategies. Two field experiments consisted three ploughing and seven methods. were carried out soils Central Finland. applied brief before cereal sowing (exp. 1) not effective enough against E. repens. Due wet weather conditions spring period limited weeks both years, which did seem be time. In late summer after ley 2), Kvick-Finn weed-cultivator destroyed very effectively; on average 5% remained alive barley crop autumn following year. After use ordinary cultivators 10% alive, spade harrow 25% frequent mowing over 50% respectively. As a result control, yield about 1000 kg ha-1 higher than without any fallow. conclusion, is achieved with proper machinery repeated treatments at optimal