Sowing black hole seeds: Direct collapse black hole formation with realistic Lyman-Werner radiation in cosmological simulations

摘要: We study the birth of supermassive black holes from direct collapse process and characterize sites where these hole seeds form. In pre-reionization epoch, molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) is an efficient coolant, causing gas to fragment form Population III stars, but Lyman-Werner radiation can suppress H$_2$ formation allow directly into a massive hole. The critical flux required inhibit formation, $J_{\rm crit}$, hotly debated, largely due uncertainties in source spectrum, self-shielding, collisional dissociation rates. Here, we test power model self-consistent, time-dependant, non-uniform field -- first time such has been done cosmological volume using updated version SPH+N-body tree code Gasoline with non-equilibrium abundance tracking, cooling, modern SPH implementation. vary crit} $ $30$ $10^3$ units $J_{21}$ how this parameter impacts number seed type galaxies which host them. focus on as function environment, halo mass, metallicity, proximity source. Massive more abundantly lower crit}$ thresholds, regardless typically halos that have recently begun star formation. Our results do not confirm proposed atomic cooling pair scenario; rather predominantly low-metallicity pockets already