Gut responses to enteral nutrition in preterm infants and animals

摘要: Preterm birth is associated with immature digestive function that may require the use of total parenteral nutrition and special oral feeding regimens. Little known about responses to food in preterm neonate how enteral nutrients affect gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In vivo studies are difficult perform laboratory rodents because their small body size organs at birth, this makes large farm animals (e.g., pigs, cattle, sheep) more attractive models field. these species, delivery 88%-95% gestation clinical complications degrees GIT immaturity similar those infants born 70%-90% gestation. Studies both indicate responds first rapid increases gut mass surface area, blood flow, motility, capacity, nutrient absorption. To a extent, independent, can be elicited also utero, least during late Nevertheless, neonates show compromised structure, function, immunology, particularly when delivered by caesarean section fed diets other than mother's milk. Formula-fed thus increased risk developing diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis, unless care taken avoid excessive fermentation bacterial overgrowth. The extent which results obtained (most notably pig) used reflect conditions discussed.