Analysis of safety benefits and security concerns from the use of autonomous vehicles: A grouped random parameters bivariate probit approach with heterogeneity in means

摘要: Abstract This paper investigates public perceptions towards potential safety benefits, and safety- security-related concerns from the future use of autonomous vehicles by utilizing data collected an online survey. The survey includes responses 584 individuals United States, who responded to a varying range questions related their usage. subsequent exploratory statistical analysis is conducted employing novel method, namely grouped random parameters bivariate probit model with heterogeneity in means. proposed method accounts for challenges stemming presence multiple layers unobserved data, simultaneously offers more insightful results. From analysis, several socio-demographic characteristics, driving attitude characteristics opinions were found affect security aspects vehicles. means approach revealed distinct individual-specific that peak distribution parameter density function parameters, adding further clarity understanding factors affecting individuals’ findings this study suggest ongoing evaluation perceptions, reinforce requirement analyzing temporal variations perceptions. can, turn, aid regulatory governance entities vehicle manufacturers adapt strategies implementation plans accordingly.