The role of glutamate in central nervous system health and disease--a review.

摘要: Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in brain. Knowledge of glutamatergic synapse has advanced enormously over last 10 years, primarily through application cellular electrophysiological and molecular biological techniques to study glutamate receptors transporters. There are three families ionotropic with intrinsic cation permeable channels. also groups metabotropic, G-protein-coupled that can modify neuronal excitability. two glial transporters Endogenous may contribute brain damage occurring acutely after traumatic injury as well having a role imbalance present epileptic conditions contributing pathophysiology hepatic encephalopathy animals. Understanding these neurological diseases highlight treatment potentials antagonists transmission. This paper presents review literature its function disease.