Global Patterns of Material Flows and their Socio-Economic and Environmental Implications: A MFA Study on All Countries World-Wide from 1980 to 2009

作者: Stefan Giljum , Monika Dittrich , Mirko Lieber , Stephan Lutter

DOI: 10.3390/RESOURCES3010319

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摘要: This paper assesses world-wide patterns of material extraction, trade, consumption and productivity based on a new data set for economy-wide flows, covering used materials all countries between 1980 2009. We show that global extraction has grown by more than 90% over the past 30 years is reaching almost 70 billion tonnes today. Also, trade volumes in physical terms have increased factor 2.5 years, 2009, 9.3 raw products were traded around globe. China turned into biggest consumer together with US, India, Brazil Russia, consumes 50% globally extracted materials. also per-capita levels are very uneven, 60 country lowest highest On average, each human being consumed 10 2 1980. discuss whether decoupling economies’ growth from resource use occurred analyse interrelations development. Finally, we elaborate key environmental problems related to various groups.

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