Advances in the diagnosis of respiratory virus infections.

摘要: Abstract Background: Advances have been made in selecting sensitive cell lines for isolation, early detection of respiratory virus growth cells by rapid culture assays, production monoclonal antibodies to improve many tests such as immunofluorescence antigens nasopharyngeal aspirates, highly antigen detections time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays (TR-FIAs) and biotin-enzyme immunoassays (BIOTH-E), and, finally, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA or RNA clinical specimens. All these advances contributed new improved possibilities diagnosis infections. Objectives study design: This review summarizes our experiences during last 15 years development diagnostic infections, use daily work epidemiological studies. Results: Immunofluorescence based on antibodies, all-monoclonal TR-FIAs, (EIAs) about same sensitivities specificities. They compare well with sensitivity culture. PCR followed liquid-phase hybridization is a method detecting adenovirus enterovirus rhinovirus IgG EIA paired acute convalescent phase sera most serological test infections valuable reference when evaluating tests. The avidity can distinguish primary from re-infections at least syncytial (RSV) IgM antibody other hand, had low Conclusions: choice methods depends type location laboratory, number specimens tested, previous experience laboratory. Virus culture, whenever possible, should be basic method; results, including identification virus, available no more than 24 h later results In small laboratories, especially hospitals where specimen transportation organized, may best provision that an experienced microscopist good UV microscope are available. If laboratory receives large has EIAs, then biotin-EIAs TR-FIAs practical techniques. Their advantages include stability samples since intact, exfoliated epithelial not required, treatment practical, testing numbers reading printed result less subjective fluorescence microscopy. larger role future developments extract purify extracts nonspecific inhibitors, plus further improvements minimize cross-contamination. Group-specific enteroviruses rhinoviruses example potential technology. laboratories. Recombinant useful part assays.