Low Dopamine Function in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Should Genotyping Signify Early Diagnosis in Children?
作者： Mark S. Gold , Kenneth Blum , Marlene Oscar–Berman , Eric R. Braverman
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摘要: AbstractAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is present in 8% to 12% of children, and 4% adults worldwide. Children with ADHD can have learning impairments, poor self–esteem, social dysfunction, an increased risk substance abuse, including cigarette smoking. Overall, the rate treatment medication for patients has been increasing since 2008, > 2 million children now being treated stimulants. The rise adolescent prescription abuse occurred along a concomitant increase stimulant availability. Of presenting use (SUD), 20% 30% concurrent ADHD, 40% history SUD. Following brief review etiology its diagnosis treatment, we focus on benefits early appropriate testing predisposition ADHD. We suggest that by genotyping number known, associated dopaminergic polymorphisms, especially at ...
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